Bernese Mountain Dog vs Dalmatian vs Golden Retriever Comparison - Dog breed selector: Berner or Carriage Dog or Golden Flat Coat? Find the right dog for you
"Find similarities and differences between Bernese Mountain Dog vs Dalmatian vs Golden Retriever"
Compare Bernese Mountain Dog and Dalmatian. Which is better: Bernese Mountain Dog or Dalmatian or Golden Retriever?
Name | Bernese Mountain Dog | Dalmatian | Golden Retriever |
---|---|---|---|
Origins | Switzerland | Croatia | Scotland |
Group | Working Dogs | Companion Dogs | Gun Dog |
Popularity Rank | 25 | 63 | 3 |
Reviews | 6 | 1 | 16 |
User Ratings |
Other Names
What other names do they have? |
Berner Bernese Cattle Dog Berner Sennenhund |
Carriage Dog Dally Firehouse Dog Plum Pudding Dog Spotted Coach Dog Dal |
Golden Flat Coat Yellow Retriever |
---|---|---|---|
Breed Type
Which dog is purebred or crossbreed? Bernese Mountain Dog vs Dalmatian vs Golden Retriever breed type comparison: | Purebred | Purebred | Purebred |
Bernese Mountain Dog vs Dalmatian vs Golden Retriever Size and Weight Comparison
Size
Which is bigger, Bernese Mountain Dog or Dalmatian or Golden Retriever? Which is the smallest dog, Bernese Mountain Dog or Dalmatian or Golden Retriever? | Large | Large | Large |
---|---|---|---|
Weight
Which is heavier, Bernese Mountain Dog or Dalmatian or Dalmatian? Bernese Mountain Dog vs Dalmatian vs Golden Retriever weight comparison: | Male: 85-110 pounds (38–50 kg), Female: 80-105 pounds (36–48 kg) | about 55 pounds (25 kg) | Male: 60-80 pounds (27-36 kg), Female: 55-70 pounds (25-32 kg) |
Average Weight
Which dog has a smaller / higher average weight? | Male: 97.5 pounds (38–50 kg), Female: 92.5 pounds (36–48 kg) | about 55 pounds (25 kg) | Male: 70 pounds (31.5 kg), Female: 62.5 pounds (28.5 kg) |
Height
Which is taller, Bernese Mountain Dog or Dalmatian or Golden Retriever? Bernese Mountain Dog vs Dalmatian vs Golden Retriever height comparison: | Male: 24-28 inches (61–71 cm), Female: 23-27 inches (58–69 cm) | Male: 22 - 24 inches (50 – 60 cm), Female: 20 - 22 inches (50 - 55 cm) | Male: 22-24 inches (56-61cm), Female: 20-22 inches (51-56 cm) |
Average Height
Which dog has a smaller / higher average height? | Male: 26 inches (61–71 cm), Female: 25 inches (58–69 cm) | Male: 22 - 24 inches (50 – 60 cm), Female: 20 - 22 inches (50 - 55 cm) | Male: 23 inches (58.5 cm), Female: 21 inches (53.5 cm) |
Bernese Mountain Dog vs Dalmatian vs Golden Retriever Price and Availability Comparison
Price
Which is cheaper, Bernese Mountain Dog or Dalmatian or Golden Retriever? Which is more expensive? | $800-$1000 | $500-$600 | $1000-$2000 |
---|---|---|---|
Availability
Which is easier to get, Bernese Mountain Dog or Dalmatian or Golden Retriever? | Very frequent: The Bernese Mountain Dog is quite easy to get. | Very frequent: The Dalmatian is quite easy to get. | Very frequent: The Golden Retriever is quite easy to get. |
Bernese Mountain Dog vs Dalmatian vs Golden Retriever Trainability and Intelligence Comparison
Intelligent Rank
Which is the smarter dog? Which is best? Bernese Mountain Dog vs Dalmatian vs Golden Retriever intelligence: | Very smart: Bernese Mountain Dog is an excellent dog breed. | Smart: The Dalmatian dogs have great intelligence. | Outstanding: Golden Retriever is one of the brightest dog breeds. |
---|---|---|---|
Trainability
Bernese Mountain Dog vs Dalmatian vs Golden Retriever trainability comparison. | Bernese Mountain Dog dogs are easy to train. | Dalmatian dogs are quite easy to train. | Golden Retriever dogs are easy to train. |
Watchdog Ability
Which is the better watchdog: Bernese Mountain Dog or Dalmatian or Golden Retriever? | Bernese Mountain Dog dogs are one of the best watchdogs. | Dalmatian dogs are average watchdogs. | Golden Retriever dogs are average watchdogs. |
Guarding Behavior / Territorial
Which is a better guard dog Bernese Mountain Dog or Dalmatian or Golden Retriever?
Which dog is most likely to protect its owner?
Which is the best dog to use for protection? | Bernese Mountain Dog dogs are extremely protective guard dogs. | Dalmatian dogs are average defenders. | Golden Retriever dogs are average defenders. |
Bernese Mountain Dog vs Dalmatian vs Golden Retriever Personality and Temperament Comparison
Temperament
Which one has a better personality? Which is a better family dog, Bernese Mountain Dog or Dalmatian or Golden Retriever? Bernese Mountain Dog vs Dalmatian vs Golden Retriever behavior/temperament comparison: |
Intelligent Affectionate Loyal Faithful |
Active Playful Energetic Sensitive Intelligent Friendly Outgoing |
Intelligent Confident Friendly Reliable Kind Trustworthy |
---|---|---|---|
Sensitivity Level
Which dog is more sensitive? What's the difference? | They are a little bit more sensitive than other dog breeds. | They are a little bit more sensitive than other dog breeds. | Golden Retriever dogs have an average emotional level and are not the most sensitive dog breed. |
Affection Level
Which is the more affectionate dog breed: Bernese Mountain Dog vs Dalmatian vs Golden Retriever? | Average: Bernese Mountain Dog dogs are average dogs regarding their affection level. | High: Dalmatian dogs are genuinely loyal, soft and gentle, loving, and affectionate dogs toward their handlers. | High: Golden Retriever dogs are genuinely loyal, soft and gentle, loving, and affectionate dogs toward their handlers. |
Social Needs
Bernese Mountain Dog vs Dalmatian vs Golden Retriever social needs comparison: | Bernese Mountain Dog dogs need for social interaction is average. | Dalmatian dogs need a lot of social interaction. | Golden Retriever dogs need a lot of social interaction. |
Impulse to Wander or Roam
Which dog has a greater roaming instinct? | Bernese Mountain Dog dogs have average wanderlust potential. | The wanderlust potential of the Dalmatian is strong enough to escape from home. | Golden Retriever dogs tend to escape less than other breeds. |
Prey Drive
Which dog has a higher prey drive? Which can be better for hunting? | Bernese Mountain Dog dogs have a high impulse to chase and catch something. | Dalmatian dogs have low to an average impulse to chase and catch something like a cat or any other small aminals. | Golden Retriever dogs have an average prey drive, which means that they don't have a high impulse to chase and catch something like a cat or any other small aminals, but it might happen. |
Bernese Mountain Dog vs Dalmatian vs Golden Retriever Activity and Playfulness Comparison
Playfulness
Bernese Mountain Dog vs Dalmatian vs Golden Retriever playfulness comparison: | Average: Bernese Mountain Dogs, like any other dog breed, like playing. | The Dalmatian is a highly playful breed. | The Golden Retriever is a highly playful breed. |
---|---|---|---|
Barking
Which dog barks more/less: Bernese Mountain Dog vs Dalmatian vs Golden Retriever? | Average: The Bernese Mountain Dog barks occasionally. | Average: The Dalmatian barks occasionally. | Low to Average: The Golden Retriever rarely barks. |
Apartment Friendly
Which dog is more apartment friendly Bernese Mountain Dog or Dalmatian or Golden Retriever? | It is not recommended to keep the Bernese Mountain Dog breed in the home. | Not an apartment-friendly dog the Dalmatian breed. | It is not recommended to keep the Golden Retriever breed in the home. |
Bernese Mountain Dog vs Dalmatian vs Golden Retriever Adaptability and Independence Comparison
Adaptability
Which dog has a higher adaptability potential? Which is the better dog? | Average: Bernese Mountain Dog dogs adapt to lifestyle changes and different living environments quite okay usually. | Dalmatian dogs adapt very well to lifestyle changes and basically all living environments. | Golden Retriever dogs adapt very well to lifestyle changes and basically all living environments. |
---|---|---|---|
Tolerates Being Left Alone
Which dog can be left alone: Bernese Mountain Dog or Dalmatian or Golden Retriever? | Just like every puppy, they are prone to panic, cry, bark, whine when they left alone by their owner. | Dalmatian dogs tend to have separation anxiety when their owners left them alone at home because they bond very closely with them. | Golden Retriever dogs tend to have separation anxiety when their owners left them alone at home because they bond very closely with them. |
Bernese Mountain Dog vs Dalmatian vs Golden Retriever Bite Characteristics Comparison
Bite Force PSI
Which bite is stronger: Bernese Mountain Dog or Dalmatian or Golden Retriever? | Between 200 and 400 PSI ⏺ Bernese Mountain Dog bite force: Ordinary. | Between 200 and 400 PSI ⏺ Dalmatian bite force: Ordinary. | Between 200 and 400 PSI ⏺ Golden Retriever bite force: Ordinary. |
---|---|---|---|
Biting Potential
Which breed of dog is most likely to bite? Biting potential comparison: | Low 🔽 The Bernese Mountain Dog has a low chance of biting somebody. | Low 🔽 The Dalmatian has a low chance of biting somebody. | Moderate ⏺ The Golden Retriever has an average chance of biting somebody. |
Mouthiness
Which is the better dog? Bernese Mountain Dog vs Dalmatian vs Golden Retriever mouthiness comparison: | Bernese Mountain Dog dogs have a strong tendency to nip, chew, play-bite, or herd people. | Dalmatian dogs have a lower than average tendency to nip, chew, playbite, or herd people. | Golden Retriever dogs have a strong tendency to nip, chew, play-bite, or herd people. |
Bernese Mountain Dog vs Dalmatian vs Golden Retriever Health and Lifespan Comparison
Health Issues
Bernese Mountain Dog vs Dalmatian vs Golden Retriever health comparison. Which is the healthier: Bernese Mountain Dog vs Dalmatian vs Golden Retriever? | Very healthy dog breed. | Dalmatians are commonly healthy dogs. | Golden Retrievers are commonly healthy dogs. |
---|---|---|---|
Health Problems
Which one has more or less genetic/health problems: Bernese Mountain Dog vs Dalmatian vs Golden Retriever? What are the allergies, genetic diseases and concerns for them? Bernese Mountain Dog vs Dalmatian vs Golden Retriever health problems comparison: | Hip Dysplasia Cancer Progressive retinal atrophy (PRA) Von Willebrand's Disease Bloat Elbow Dysplasia Panosteitis Portosystemic Liver Shunt | Hip Dysplasia Allergies Deafness Skin Allergies Iris Sphincter Dysplasia Urolithiasis |
Cataracts Hip Dysplasia Allergies Hypothyroidism Progressive retinal atrophy (PRA) Von Willebrand's Disease Bloat Epilepsy Elbow Dysplasia Osteochondrosis Dissecans Hemangiosarcoma Osteosarcoma Subvalvular Aortic Stenosis |
Veterinarian Visits
Which one may need more or less veterinary visits? |
Rare The Bernese Mountain Dog should have a complete physical check-up at least every 12-18 months (but preferably once per year). |
Rare The Dalmatian should have a complete physical check-up at least every 12-18 months (but preferably once per year). |
Rare The Golden Retriever should have a complete physical check-up at least every 12-18 months (but preferably once per year). |
Life Expectancy
Bernese Mountain Dog vs Dalmatian vs Golden Retriever lifespan comparison. How long do Bernese Mountain Dog, Dalmatian and Golden Retriever breeds live? Which one has a longer lifespan/life expectancy? |
7-11 years The average lifespan of Bernese Mountain Dog: 9 years |
12-14 years The average lifespan of Dalmatian: 13 years |
10-12 years The average lifespan of Golden Retriever: 11 years |
Weather and Climate
Which dog is best for hot or cold weather: Bernese Mountain Dog vs Dalmatian vs Golden Retriever? | Prefers cold weather The Bernese Mountain Dog can adapt well to harsh weather conditions, and also can be a good mountain dog. | Tolerates warm and cold weather Dogs that tolerate hot and cold weather are typically those that have a double coat of fur. | Tolerates warm and cold weather Dogs that tolerate hot and cold weather are typically those that have a double coat of fur. |
Bernese Mountain Dog vs Dalmatian vs Golden Retriever Energy and Activity Comparison
Energy Level
Who has more energy a Bernese Mountain Dog or Dalmatian or Golden Retriever?
Bernese Mountain Dog vs Dalmatian vs Golden Retriever energy level comparison: | Bernese Mountain Dog dogs have a higher energy level than other dog breeds. | Dalmatian dogs are high-energy dogs. | Golden Retriever dogs are high-energy dogs. |
---|---|---|---|
Activity Requirement / Exercise Need
Bernese Mountain Dog vs Dalmatian vs Golden Retriever exercise need comparison. Which dog needs more activity? Which dog needs the most exercise: Bernese Mountain Dog or Dalmatian or Golden Retriever? Which dog needs the most walking? Which dog is the laziest? | Bernese Mountain Dog dogs have an average exercise need. | Dalmatian dogs need a lot of exercises. | Golden Retriever dogs need a lot of exercises. |
Sleeping Need
Which one sleeps the least/most: Bernese Mountain Dog or Dalmatian or Golden Retriever? | Bernese Mountain Dog dogs are quite energetic dogs and they don't spend too much time with sleeping. | Dalmatian dogs don't need too much sleep. | Golden Retriever dogs don't need too much sleep. |
Bernese Mountain Dog vs Dalmatian vs Golden Retriever Diet and Weight Management Comparison
Average daily food consumption
Which dog eats more: Bernese Mountain Dog or Dalmatian or Golden Retriever? | 6 to 8 cups of high-quality dry food a day, divided into two meals. | Recommended daily amount: 1.5 to 2 cups of high-quality dry food a day, divided into two meals. | 3 to 4 cups of high-quality dry food a day, divided into two meals. |
---|---|---|---|
Weight Gain Potential / Prone to Obesity
Which dog breed is more prone to obesity? Bernese Mountain Dog vs Dalmatian vs Golden Retriever weight gain potential comparison: | Average to High: If you don't pay attention to the Bernese Mountain Dog's weight, he can easily gain weight. | Average to High: If you don't pay attention to the Dalmatian's weight, he can easily gain weight. | High: The Golden Retriever breed has a strong tendency to be overweight. |
Bernese Mountain Dog vs Dalmatian vs Golden Retriever Allergies and Grooming Comparison
Coat / Hair Types
What type of coat/fur do they have? Bernese Mountain Dog vs Dalmatian vs Golden Retriever coat comparison: | Dense | Fine |
Silky Wavy Shiny Straight |
---|---|---|---|
Colors
What are the original Bernese Mountain Dog, Dalmatian and Golden Retriever color? |
Black White |
Black White Brown Liver | Golden Light |
Grooming
Which dog is easy to maintain, Bernese Mountain Dog or Dalmatian or Golden Retriever? Bernese Mountain Dog vs Dalmatian vs Golden Retriever grooming comparison: | Average: The Bernese Mountain Dog requires average grooming effort. | Effortless: The Dalmatian requires minimal grooming. | Average: The Golden Retriever requires average grooming effort. |
Shedding Level
Who sheds more Bernese Mountain Dog or Dalmatian or Golden Retriever? Bernese Mountain Dog or Dalmatian or {name3 shedding: | Bernese Mountain Dog dogs shed above average. | Dalmatian dogs are heavy shedders. | Golden Retriever dogs shed moderately. |
Bath Time / Bathing Frequency
Which dog should be bathed more: Bernese Mountain Dog or Dalmatian or Golden Retriever? | 4-6 weeks Average. Experts recommended at least every 4-6 weeks for this family pup. | 3-4 weeks More often than average. These dog coats tend to be longer, softer, and oilier than short-haired breeds. | 2-3 weeks Frequent. This breed has high-maintenance hair and may require a bath every 2-3 weeks. |
Hypoallergenic
Bernese Mountain Dog vs Dalmatian vs Golden Retriever hypoallergenic comparison. Which dog is hypoallergenic or not? | No See more. | No See more. | No See more. |
Stinkiness
Which dog breed smells the least? Which dog smells the most? Which is best, Bernese Mountain Dog vs Dalmatian vs Golden Retriever? | Medium ⏺ The Bernese Mountain Dog has an average chance of bad smell. | Low 🔽 The Dalmatian has a low chance of bad smell. | Medium ⏺ The Golden Retriever has an average chance of bad smell. |
Drooling Tendency
Which dog drools the most? Which dog drools the least? | The Bernese Mountain Dog drools quite a lot, so if you dislike being covered by slobber spots on your clothes, you may want to choose another dog breed. | The Dalmatian is a perfect example of a very low drooling tendency. | The Golden Retriever drools quite a lot, so if you dislike being covered by slobber spots on your clothes, you may want to choose another dog breed. |
Bernese Mountain Dog vs Dalmatian vs Golden Retriever Good With Comparison
Pet Friendly
Which dog breeds get along well with other animals/pets? | Bernese Mountain Dog dogs are generally with other pets. | Dalmatian dogs are generally with other pets. | Golden Retriever dogs are usually friendly towards other pets. |
---|---|---|---|
Stranger Friendly
Which dog is more stranger friendly Bernese Mountain Dog or Dalmatian or Golden Retriever? Which dog is more friendly? | Bernese Mountain Dog dogs are average friendly towards strangers. | Dalmatian dogs are average friendly towards strangers. | Golden Retriever dogs are very stranger-friendly dogs. |
Child Friendly
Which dog is more child/kid friendly Bernese Mountain Dog or Dalmatian or Golden Retriever? | Bernese Mountain Dog dogs are kid-friendly dogs. | Dalmatian dogs are very kid-friendly dogs. | Golden Retriever dogs are very kid-friendly dogs. |
Cat Friendly
Which dog is more cat friendly Bernese Mountain Dog or Dalmatian or Golden Retriever? | Bernese Mountain Dog dogs are average friendly towards cats. | Dalmatian dogs are average friendly towards cats. | Golden Retriever dogs are cat-friendly dogs. |
Dog Friendly
Which dog is more dog friendly Bernese Mountain Dog or Dalmatian or Golden Retriever? | Bernese Mountain Dog dogs are average friendly towards other dogs. | Dalmatian dogs are very dog-friendly dogs. | Golden Retriever dogs are very dog-friendly dogs. |
Good For First Time Owners
Which dog is good for the first-time owners: Bernese Mountain Dog vs Dalmatian vs Golden Retriever? |
Yes Bernese Mountain Dog dogs are good for novice owners, due to their easy-going personality. |
Yes Dalmatian dogs are good for novice owners, due to their easy-going personality. |
Yes Golden Retriever dogs are good for novice owners, due to their easy-going personality. |
Office Friendly
Which one fits better in the office? |
No Bernese Mountain Dog is not the best dog breed for office environment. |
No Dalmatian is not the best dog breed for office environment. |
Yes Golden Retriever is one of the best dog breeds for office environment |
Senior Citizens Friendly
Which dog is good for elderly people? | Bernese Mountain Dogs are usually recommended for elderly people. | Dalmatians are one of the best breeds for elderly people. | Golden Retrievers are one of the best breeds for elderly people. |
Bernese Mountain Dog vs Dalmatian vs Golden Retriever As a Working Dog Comparison
Service Dog
Which one could be a service dog? | Yes This breed makes good as a service dog. | Yes This breed makes good as a service dog. | Yes This breed makes good as a service dog. |
---|---|---|---|
Therapy Dog
Which one could be a therapy dog: Bernese Mountain Dog or Dalmatian or Golden Retriever? Which is better for autism? | Not really This breed is generally not used as a therapy dog. | Yes This breed makes a perfect therapy dog. | Yes This breed makes a perfect therapy dog. |
Detection Dog or Sniffer Dog
Which one could be a detection/sniffer dog? | Not really They are not typically employed for this type of work, but there may be exceptional cases. | Not really They are not typically employed for this type of work, but there may be exceptional cases. | Yes After proper training, they can excel at this kind of work. |
Search and Rescue Dog (SAR)
Which one could be a search and rescue dog? | Not really This dog breed is not typically used as a search and rescue dog. | Not really This dog breed is not typically used as a search and rescue dog. | Yes This breed would make an excellent search and rescue dog. |
Boat and Sailor Dog
Which one could be a boat dog: Bernese Mountain Dog vs Dalmatian vs Golden Retriever? | Not really Bernese Mountain Dog breed usually doesn't like being on a boat. | Not really Dalmatian breed usually doesn't like being on a boat. | Yes Golden Retriever breed usually likes being on a boat. |
Cart Pulling or Drafting Dog
Which one could be a cart pulling or drafting dog? | Yes A drafting dog or draft dog is a dog bred and used for cart pulling. | Not really A drafting dog or draft dog is a dog bred and used for cart pulling. | Not really A drafting dog or draft dog is a dog bred and used for cart pulling. |
Fighting Dog / Military Dog | Not really In history, this breed was not really used for combat dog. | Not really In history, this breed was not really used for combat dog. | Not really In history, this breed was not really used for combat dog. |
Bernese Mountain Dog vs Dalmatian vs Golden Retriever Reproducibility Comparison
Gestation Length | 60-64 days See more. | 60-64 days See more. | 60-64 days See more. |
---|---|---|---|
Litter Frequency | Once a year. More frequent breeding is not healthy. | Once a year. More frequent breeding is not healthy. | Once a year. More frequent breeding is not healthy. |
Litter Size
How many puppies can Bernese Mountain Dog and Dalmatian and Golden Retriever have? | 1-14 puppies, average 8 | 6-9 puppies | 5-10 puppies |
Bernese Mountain Dog vs Dalmatian vs Golden Retriever Recognition Comparison
AKC Group
Which dog is recognized by the AKC? | Recognized by the American Kennel Club in 1937 as a Working breed. | Recognized by the American Kennel Club in 1888 as a Non-Sporting breed. | Recognized by the American Kennel Club in 1925 as a Sporting breed. |
---|---|---|---|
FCI Group
Which dog is recognized by the FCI? | Recognized by FCI in the Pinscher and Schnauzer - Molossoid and Swiss Mountain and Cattledogs group, in the Swiss Mountain- and Cattledogs section. | Recognized by FCI in the Scent hounds and related breeds group, in the Related breeds section. | Recognized by FCI in the Retrievers - Flushing Dogs - Water Dogs group, in the Retrievers section. |
Breed Recognition
What other organizations and kennel clubs recognize these dog breeds? |
American Canine Registry American Kennel Club America's Pet Registry Canadian Kennel Club Dog Registry of America Inc. Federation Cynologique Internationale Kennel Club of Great Britain North American Purebred Registry, Inc. American Canine Association, Inc. Australian National Kennel Council Continental Kennel Club National Kennel Club New Zealand Kennel Club United Kennel Club Canadian Canine Registry |
American Canine Registry American Kennel Club America's Pet Registry Canadian Kennel Club Dog Registry of America Inc. Federation Cynologique Internationale Kennel Club of Great Britain North American Purebred Registry, Inc. American Canine Association, Inc. Australian National Kennel Council Continental Kennel Club National Kennel Club New Zealand Kennel Club United Kennel Club |
American Canine Registry American Kennel Club America's Pet Registry Canadian Kennel Club Dog Registry of America Inc. Federation Cynologique Internationale Kennel Club of Great Britain North American Purebred Registry, Inc. American Canine Association, Inc. Australian National Kennel Council Continental Kennel Club National Kennel Club New Zealand Kennel Club United Kennel Club |
Popular Dog Compares
Sharing is caring.
Help our free service by spreading information about dog breeds.
Link to this: Bernese Mountain Dog vs Dalmatian vs Golden Retriever Comparison - Dog breed selector: Berner or Carriage Dog or Golden Flat Coat? Find the right dog for you
<a href="https://dogell.com/en/compare-dog-breeds/bernese-mountain-dog-vs-dalmatian-vs-golden-retriever">Bernese Mountain Dog vs Dalmatian vs Golden Retriever Comparison - Dog breed selector: Berner or Carriage Dog or Golden Flat Coat? Find the right dog for you</a>
Help our free service by spreading information about dog breeds.
Link to this: Bernese Mountain Dog vs Dalmatian vs Golden Retriever Comparison - Dog breed selector: Berner or Carriage Dog or Golden Flat Coat? Find the right dog for you
<a href="https://dogell.com/en/compare-dog-breeds/bernese-mountain-dog-vs-dalmatian-vs-golden-retriever">Bernese Mountain Dog vs Dalmatian vs Golden Retriever Comparison - Dog breed selector: Berner or Carriage Dog or Golden Flat Coat? Find the right dog for you</a>